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The Endangered Species Act1

April 2000

IMPORTANT: Your pesticide’s label may advise you to get additional information (printed bulletins) from local government agencies before using the pesticide in an area that might be inhabited by the endangered wildlife listed on pages 3 - 6. You are legally obligated to obtain this additional information and follow its rules if they apply to you. (This is a result of the Endangered Species Act,.) You should check all of your pesticide labels for endangered species protection statements.

The species of wildlife listed in the table on pages 3 - 6 have been designated as endangered species by the Federal government (U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, part of the U.S. Department of the Interior). In the language of the Endangered Species Act, they are known as listed species. A complete list of Hawaii's endangered species may be viewed via the Internet at the Bishop Museum's webpage, "Hawaii Endangered Species Page":

http://www.bishop.hawaii.org/bishop/HBS/endangered/endangeredhi.html

 

The purpose of this federal law is to protect rare plants and animals (and their habitats) that are threatened or in danger of becoming extinct. The federal agency which enforces this law is the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (part of the U.S. Department of the Interior).

Section 7 of the law affects all Federal agencies whose actions could "jeopardize" endangered species and their habitats. Since the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is a Federal agency, it must make sure that any action it takes does not jeopardize endangered species. Indirectly, this law affects pesticide applicators because the EPA, by its authority to register pesticides, determines what instructions may be printed on pesticide labels. The Hawaii Department of Agriculture is also affected because it is responsible for ensuring that pesticides are used according to instructions on pesticide labels.


Summary of the
Hawaii State government’s plan to protect its endangered species2


  1. PRODUCT BULLETINS

  2. The EPA will take action to gradually change all pesticide labels so that they carry statements about protecting endangered species. The exact wording of the statements has not been developed yet, but new pesticide labels will instruct the pesticide applicator to contact the proper local government agency for specific information about local endangered species. The information will be printed in the form of a pesticide product bulletin (or other type of labeling3).
    The pesticide applicator will be legally obligated to heed any warnings or prohibitions listed in the pesticide product bulletin. The product bulletin will be considered as enforceable part of the pesticide’s label.
  3. RESTRICTED PESTICIDES

  4. The Hawaii Department of Agriculture may declare a pesticide as restricted if:
  5. SINGLE-PURCHASE PERMIT4

  6. If a local situation calls for the pesticide application site to be evaluated first, the Hawaii Department of Agriculture may require the pesticide buyer to first obtain a single-purchase permit. The single-purchase permit would specify conditions which must be met when the pesticide is applied. When the single-purchase permit is granted, the pesticide application would be monitored by personnel from the Hawaii Department of Agriculture or the Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources or both.
  7. CANCEL SPECIFIC PESTICIDE USE

  8. If regulatory actions do not eliminate or control the negative effects of a pesticide use on an endangered species (or its habitat), the Hawaii Department of Agriculture may be cancel (ban) certain use(s) of a pesticide in Hawaii.



1 The Endangered Species Act of 1973.
2 The State of Hawaii’s plan to protect endangered species is described in a memorandum from the Chairman of Hawaii’s Board of Agriculture to the U.S. EPA’s Office of Pesticide Programs. The memorandum is dated June 2, 1989. It describes what actions our State government will take in order to comply with the Endangered Species Act.
3 The word labeling means any brochure, leaflet, pamphlet, bulletin or other printed or graphic masterial to which a pesticide label refers.
4 A single-purchase permit would be issued to a certified applicator. The permit would state the maximum amount of a restricted-use pesticide the applicator could buy and would be good for only one purchase.


"Listed" (Endangered) Species in Hawaii
Type of Wildlife
ISLAND
Common Names Scientific Name
Bird
Mountain, Rainforest;
HAWAII (Hamakua-Volcano, upper Kau forests, Hualalai N. slope)
Hawaii Akepa (honeycreeper) Loxops coccineus coccineus
Bird
Mountain: Koa/ohia forests, mamane/naio forests;
HAWAII (Hamakua-Volcano, Kau forest reserve, leeward Mauna Kea, upper Kona)
'Akiapola'au (honeycreeper) Hemignathus munroi
(H. wilsoni)
Bird
Mountain: Koa/ohia forests;
HAWAII (Hamakua-Volcano, Kau forest reserve, Hualalai, central Kona)
Hawaii Creeper Oreomystis mana
(Loxops mana)
Bird
Mountain, Rainforest: wet ohia forests;
HAWAII (Hamakua-Volcano), KAUAI (Alakai)
'O'u (honeycreeper) Psittirostra psittacea
Bird
Wet forests, scrub, rangelands;
HAWAII (high slopes of Mauna Loa above Kealakekua)
'Alala
Hawaiian Crow
Corvus hawaiiensis
(C. tropicus)
Bird
Mamane, mamane/naio forests;
HAWAII (upper Mauna Kea)
Palila (honeycreeper) Loxioides bailleui
(Psittirostra bailleui)
Bird
Forest, agricultural land; adaptable except to driest areas;
HAWAII
'Io
Hawaiian Hawk
Buteo solitarius
Bird
Rocky, sparsely vegetated high volcanic slopes;
HAWAII (Mauna Loa S. & E. slopes, Saddle area, Hualalai S. slope), MAUI (Haleakala)
Nene
Hawaiian Goose
Nesochen sandvicensis
(Branta sandvicensis)
Bird
Mountain;
MAUI (Haleakala)
Maui Akepa (honeycreeper) Loxops coccineus ochraceus
Bird
Mountain, Rainforest
MAUI (E. Maui)
'Akohekohe
Crested Honeycreeper
Palmeria dolei
Bird
Mountain, Wet ohia forests;
KAUAI (Alakai), MAUI (Haleakala NE. slope), HAWAII (Kohala Mtns.)
Nukupu'u (honeycreeper) Hemignathus lucidus
Bird
Mountain: Open canopy forest with heavy under-growth;
MAUI (Haleakala E. slopes: Waikamoi Preserve to Kipahulu Valley.)
Maui Parrotbill (honeycreeper) Pseudonestor xanthophrys
Bird
Mountain: Forest;
MAUI (Haleakala NE. slope)
Po'ouli (honeycreeper) Melamprosops phaeosoma
Bird
Mountain: Rainforest;
OAHU (Koolau Mtns. above Honolulu)
'Alauwahio ('alauahio)
Oahu Creeper
Paroreomyza maculata
(Oreomystis maculata,
Loxops maculata)
Bird
Mountain: Rainforest;
MOLOKAI (above Pelekunu Valley)
Kakawahie
Molokai Creeper
Paroreomyza flammea
(Oreomystis flammea, Loxops flammea)
Bird
Mountain: Rainforest
MOLOKAI (upper forests)
Oloma'o
Molokai Thrush
Myadestes lanaiensis rutha
(Phaeornis obscurus)
Bird
Mountain, Rainforest
KAUAI (Alakai)
Kauai Akialoa (honeycreeper) Hemignathus procerus
Bird
Mountain, Rainforest
KAUAI (Alakai)
Kauai 'O'o
'O'o 'A'a
(honeycreeper)
Moho braccatus
Bird
Mountain: forest
KAUAI (Alakai, Pihea Ridge trail)
Kamao
Large Kauai Thrush
Myadestes myadestinus
(Phaeornis myadestinus)
Bird
Mountain: forest
KAUAI (Alakai)
Puaiohi
Small Kauai Thrush
Myadestes palmeri
(Phaeornis palmeri)
Tree snail
Mountain, Rainforest
OAHU
Oahu Tree snail Achatinella spp.
Sea bird; but
breeds in burrows in barren areas on high mountain slopes
MAUI (Haleakala), LANAI, HAWAII, possibly MOLOKAI, KAUAI.
Hawaiian Dark-rumped Petrel Pterodroma phaeopygia
Sea bird
Nests in burrows in under ferns on forested mountain slopes.
'A'o
Newell's Shearwater
Townsend's Shearwater
Manx Shearwater
Puffinus auricularis
(P. newelli)
Bat;
KAUAI, MAUI, HAWAII.
'Ope'ape'a
Hawaiian Hoary Bat
Lasiurus cinereus semotus
Coot (duck-like bird);
Freshwater & saltwater ponds, marshes, estuaries;
ALL ISLANDS except Lanai.
'Alae ke'oke'o Fulica americana alai
Duck;
Mountain streams, ponds, taro fields, river valleys;
KAUAI, OAHU, HAWAII.
Koloa
Hawaiian Duck
Anas wyvilliana
Moorhen (duck-like bird)
Freshwater habitats (fond of taro patches);
KAUAI, OAHU, MOLOKAI.
'Alae'ula
Common Moorhen
Common Gallinule
Gallinula chloropus sandvicensis
Stilt (slender, long-legged wading bird)
Ponds, mudflats, wet grassy areas;
ALL ISLANDS except Lanai.
'Ae'o
Hawaiian Stilt
Himantopus himantopus knudseni
Vine
  
Vicia menziesii
Vine
  
Haplostachys haplostachya var. angustifolia
Vine
  
Stenogyne angustifolia var. angustifolia
Shrub (low growing)
  
Lipochaeta venosa
Tree Cooke's kokia Kokia cookei
Shrub (low-growing) Ewa Plains 'Akoko Euphorbia skottsbergii var. kalaeloana
Grass Carter's panicgrass Panicum carteri
Shrub (low-growing) Diamond Head Schiedea Schiedea adamantis
Shrub (low-growing)
  
Gouania hillebrandii
Tree Hau-hele'ula
Koki'o
Hawaiian Cotton Tree
Kokia dryarioides
Tree Nanu
Nau
Gardenia brighamii
Tree 'Iliahi
Lanai sandalwood
Santalum freycinetianum var. lanaiense
Silversword 'Ahinahina
Mauna Kea Silversword
Argyroxiphium sandwicense var. sandwicense
Shrub
  
Achyranthes rotundata
  
Kauai hau kuahiwi Hibiscadelphus distans
  
Dwarf naupaka Scaevola coriacea
Shrub, small tree Uhiuhi
Kea
Kalamona
Mezoneuron kavaiense
  
Ko'oloa'ula Abutilon menziesii